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9th and 10th Class · Punjab Board · Latest Exam Preparation

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ہر سوال، ہر قدم، آسان اردو میں سمجھیں

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  • 🧠 The "why" of every step
  • 🇵🇰 English + اردو

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Unit 1 · Real Numbers · Exercise 1.2

Rationalize the denominator: 3 ÷ (√5 − √2)

Let's understand firstپہلے آسان مثال سے سمجھیں

Imagine you must share 3 rotis among "√5 − √2" friends. That is a strange number! It is very hard to divide by it. So first we change the bottom into a normal number. Then the answer becomes easy.

سوچیں آپ کو 3 روٹیاں √5 − √2 دوستوں میں بانٹنی ہیں۔ یہ بہت عجیب نمبر ہے! اس سے تقسیم کرنا مشکل ہے۔ اس لیے پہلے ہم نیچے والے نمبر کو سادہ نمبر بناتے ہیں۔ پھر جواب آسان ہو جاتا ہے۔

1

Look at the bottom: √5 − √2. Write its twin. Just change − to +.

نیچے دیکھیں: √5 − √2۔ اس کا جڑواں لکھیں۔ بس − کو + کر دیں۔

√5 − √2 → √5 + √2

Why? The pair (a − b) and (a + b) is special. When we multiply them, the roots go away: (a − b)(a + b) = a² − b².

کیوں؟ (a − b) اور (a + b) کا جوڑا خاص ہے۔ انہیں ضرب دیں تو جذر غائب ہو جاتے ہیں: (a − b)(a + b) = a² − b²

2

Multiply the top and the bottom by the twin.

اوپر اور نیچے دونوں کو جڑواں سے ضرب دیں۔

3(√5 + √2) ÷ (√5 − √2)(√5 + √2)

Why? Multiplying top and bottom by the same thing is like cutting a roti into 4 pieces instead of 2. You still have the same roti. So the answer does not change.

کیوں؟ اوپر نیچے ایک ہی چیز سے ضرب دینا ایسا ہے جیسے روٹی کے 2 کی جگہ 4 ٹکڑے کرنا۔ روٹی اتنی ہی رہتی ہے، اس لیے جواب نہیں بدلتا۔

3

Work out the bottom.

نیچے والا حصہ حل کریں۔

(√5)² − (√2)² = 5 − 2 = 3

Why? Squaring a root removes it: √5 × √5 = 5. Now the bottom is a normal number, 3!

کیوں؟ جذر کا مربع کریں تو جذر ختم ہو جاتا ہے: √5 × √5 = 5۔ اب نیچے سادہ نمبر 3 ہے!

4

Now we have 3(√5 + √2) ÷ 3. Cancel the 3 on top and bottom.

اب 3(√5 + √2) ÷ 3 ہے۔ اوپر اور نیچے کا 3 کاٹ دیں۔

3(√5 + √2) ÷ 3 = √5 + √2

Why? 3 rotis shared by 3 people means 1 each. The same 3 on top and bottom cancels out.

کیوں؟ 3 روٹیاں 3 لوگوں میں بانٹیں تو ہر ایک کو 1 ملتی ہے۔ اوپر نیچے ایک جیسا 3 کٹ جاتا ہے۔

Answerجواب√5 + √2

✓ Checked: √5 + √2 ≈ 2.236 + 1.414 = 3.65, and 3 ÷ (2.236 − 1.414) ≈ 3.65

Practical importanceعملی اہمیت

Engineers and builders often get lengths like this. Dividing by a root by hand is hard and causes mistakes. This method makes the sum simple, so measurements come out right.

انجینئر اور مستری کو ایسی لمبائیاں اکثر ملتی ہیں۔ جذر سے تقسیم کرنا مشکل ہے اور غلطی ہو جاتی ہے۔ اس طریقے سے حساب آسان اور درست ہو جاتا ہے۔

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Unit 5 · Linear Equations · Exercise 5.1, Q1(i)

Solve: 12x + 30 = −6

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